Researchers using qualitative methods should consider grounded theory when the data collected thus far is insufficient to provide in-depth insights. Qualitative methodology employs grounded theory out of necessity in research areas where the theoretical understanding of a concept is undeveloped or underdeveloped. The initial data analysis process shapes continuing data collection, which further contributes to analysis, and so on. In grounded theory, there is a recursive cycle between data collection and analysis. Instead of conducting qualitative research with an existing theory in mind, researchers analyze data to create the theory. Grounded theory is an inductive form of qualitative research introduced by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss. Of interest is the entire life story regarding its genesis and how it is constructed in the present. Qualitative researchers collect data through narrative interviews, historical records, and personal artifacts. It consists of an extended, written account or narrative of a person's life. Historical researchīiographical research is an approach to research that elicits and analyzes a person's biography or life history. The results of an ethnographic study are summaries of observed activities, typifications, or the identification of patterns and regularities. Ethnographic research methodscollect data from what people say, what they do, and what the researcher sees within natural settings.Īn ethnographic understanding is developed by closely exploring several sources like participant observation, observation, interviews, and other artifacts like photographs and documents. The purpose is to provide a detailed description of everyday life and practice. Ethnographic researchĮthnography is a multi-method qualitative approach that studies behavior in naturally occurring settings. It may involve the collection of documents such as archival records, interviews, notes from direct observations and participant observations, and physical artifacts. Case study researchĪ case study is based on an in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or event to explore causation and find underlying principles. It contains, among other elements, qualitative research methods that involve collecting data in the field through observation and participation. The aim is to promote change by engaging participants in the process of sharing knowledge. Conceptualization of these processes can benefit from theoretical development through inquiry that relies on qualitative methods. These determinations are challenging to characterize numerically, requiring more extended descriptions to allow people to make reasonable comparisons.Ĭonducting social research methodology in qualitative research can gather data on and answer questions about complex social processes that are difficult to quantify. On the other hand, qualitative approaches can be represented by the customers' decisions regarding how easy it is to operate a smartphone or how visually appealing a smartphone is. Customers can decide by comparing the numbers of different models. A quantitative approach would be to consider the phone's weight, storage size (e.g., how many photos or songs it can hold), and battery life. Think of how people might choose a smartphone and how many choices there are. Quantitative research methods measure a particular phenomenon, while qualitative research methods describe it. Both orientations are used in the social sciences and behavioral sciences methodology as they contribute to a deep understanding of scientific knowledge. Qualitative research methods often contrast with quantitative research methods, which are usually found in the hard sciences such as biology and chemistry.
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